Networking Devices

v Modem: Modem stands for Modulator

Demodulator. It is used to connect computers for communication via telephone lines.v Hub: It works at the Physical layer. It just acts like
a connector of several computers i.e. simply
connects all the devices on its ports together. It
broadcasts all the data packets arriving at it with no
filtering capacity.
a connector of several computers i.e. simply connects all the devices on its ports together. It broadcasts all the data packets arriving at it with no filtering capacity.

v Switch: It works at the Data Link Layer. It is used
for dividing a network into segments called subnets.
It provides filtering of data packets and prevents
network traffic also.
for dividing a network into segments called subnets. It provides filtering of data packets and prevents network traffic also.v Repeater: It operates at thePhysical Layer. It is
used to amplify a signal that has lost its original
strength so as to enable them to travel long
distances. It can only join the networks that
transmit similar data packets. It does not have
filtering capacity i.e. all data including noise is
amplified and passed on in the network so don’t
help in reducing network traffic.
used to amplify a signal that has lost its original strength so as to enable them to travel long distances. It can only join the networks that transmit similar data packets. It does not have filtering capacity i.e. all data including noise is amplified and passed on in the network so don’t help in reducing network traffic.v Router: It works at the Network Layer and is used
to connect different networks that have different
architectures and protocols. It sends the data
packets to desired destination by choosing the best
path available thus reducing network traffic. It
routes the data packets using the routing table that
contains all the Information regarding all known
network addresses, possible paths and cost of
transmission over them. Availability of path and
cost of transmission decide sending of data over
that path. It is of 2 types: static (manual
configuration of routing table is needed) and
dynamic (automatically discovers paths).
to connect different networks that have different architectures and protocols. It sends the data packets to desired destination by choosing the best path available thus reducing network traffic. It routes the data packets using the routing table that contains all the Information regarding all known network addresses, possible paths and cost of transmission over them. Availability of path and cost of transmission decide sending of data over that path. It is of 2 types: static (manual configuration of routing table is needed) and dynamic (automatically discovers paths).v Gateway: It operates in all the layers of the
network architecture. It can be used to connect
two different networks having different
architectures, environment and even models. It
converts the data packets in form that is suitable to
the destination application. The two different
networks may differ in types of communication
protocols they use, language, data formats etc.
network architecture. It can be used to connect two different networks having different architectures, environment and even models. It converts the data packets in form that is suitable to the destination application. The two different networks may differ in types of communication protocols they use, language, data formats etc.v Bridge: They are used two connect two LANs with
the same standard but using different types of
cables. It provides an intelligent connection by
allowing only desired messages to cross the
the same standard but using different types of cables. It provides an intelligent connection by allowing only desired messages to cross the
addresses of the packets for this decision. It works
Spanning tree Algorithm for data transmission so as
to avoid loops in the network.
v IPv4 - 32 bits
v IPv6 - 128 bits.

v bridge thus improving performance. It uses physical

on Data Link Layer of the OSI model. A bridge uses

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